Adaptive long-term fasting in land- and ice-bound polar bears: coping with ice loss in the Arctic?

September 23 - November 1, 2009 | Coast Guard Ship, Beaufort Sea

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  • Teacher
  • Cristina Galvan
  • Impact Academy of Arts and Technology
  • Menlo Park, CA

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Live events with PolarTREC Teacher Cristina Galvan and the University of Wyoming polar bear research team can be accessed through these links:

Archive Available: "Live from IPY: Climate Change and Polar Bears, A Polar Week Event"

Who is on the expedition?Who is on the expedition?

From an early age, Cristina Galvan has loved nature. She grew up camping every summer in Yosemite with her family. Ms. Galvan received her bachelor’s degree in integrative biology from the University of California at Berkeley, and continued her graduate studies through the Stanford University Teacher Education Program. Since 2002, she has been a teacher at East Palo Alto Academy where she teaches physics, foundations of science, and biology. She works hard to provide a rigorous but supportive curriculum for her students, many of whom will be the first in their families to graduate from high school and attend college. In her spare time, Ms. Galvan enjoys cooking, yoga, hiking, reading, traveling, and, at times, playing video games. She is excited to be part of PolarTREC and looks forward to sharing her experiences with her class and other teachers.

Merav Ben-David is an associate professor in the Department of Zoology and Physiology and the Ecology program at the University of Wyoming. After receiving both her bachelor’s and master’s degrees at the Tel-Aviv University in Israel, she received her PhD at the University of Alaska in Fairbanks in 1996. Dr. Merav Ben-David primarily studies carnivores and her research interest revolves around the interaction between animal behavioral ecology, population dynamics, and ecosystem function.

Henry "Hank" Harlow is a zoology and physiology professor at the University of Wyoming. Dr. Harlow’s research emphasis is on the physiological adaptations of animals living in stressful environments and the health of animals experiencing various states of hypothermia. These research interests have included studies on Komodo dragons in Indonesia, hibernating black bears in the near arctic and now, polar bears that may be expressing a form of “walking hibernation” during summer ice free months in the Arctic.

John Whiteman is a PhD student in ecology, zoology, and physiology at the University of Wyoming. He has a strong interest in how the environment and interactions between organisms influence the behavior and physiology of individuals, and ultimately, populations. In particular, he is interested in the fascinating adaptations animals have developed in response to the challenges of living in cold and snow. Mr. Whiteman is excited to participate in the PolarTREC program because scientific literacy, and an understanding of our environment, are fundamentals of education and allow all members of society to make informed decisions.

What are they doing?What are they doing?

Polar bears, Ursus maritimus, spend most of their time on the sea ice-where they travel, hunt, and sometimes even give birth. However, during the summer the ice retreats northward and leaves some polar bears on shore for several months. These bears may not be able hunt and may face warmer temperatures than they do on the ice. The research team will investigate how the bears cope with these difficult conditions on shore, and try to determine if they possess adaptations similar to bears that hibernate in the winter.

A research team made up of scientists from the University of Wyoming, United States Geological Survey (USGS), and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) will use the U.S. Coast Guard icebreaker Polar Sea and on-board helicopters to approach polar bears on the sea ice and collect measurements and samples to determine the overall physical condition of the animals. The research team intends to recapture bears that were originally tested in May, to compare data from before and after the summer of 2009. Measurements include weight and length of the bear as well as overall appearance. In addition the researchers will measure body fat, muscle condition, and take blood samples.

Knowing how polar bears adjust when living on shore, and why they may not be able to adjust will provide important information to indigenous people, U.S. and international management agencies, conservation groups, and policy maker's for addressing the polar bear's needs in the future.

Where are they?Where are they?

The polar bear research team, as well as other marine biologists and oceanographers, will live and work from the USCGC Polar Sea in the Beaufort Sea, tens to hundreds of kilometers north of Alaska. The team will travel via helicopter to and from the ship to approach and conduct sampling on ice-bound populations of polar bears living on thick multiyear sea ice.

Project VocabularyProject Vocabulary

Icebreaker

An icebreaker is a special purpose ship or boat designed to move and navigate through ice-covered waters.

Indigenous People

A term used to describe any ethnic group of people who inhabit a geographic region with which they have the earliest known historical connection.

Sea ice

There are terms for different types of ice. Shorefast ice forms along coasts and is attached to land. Pack ice is ice floating in open water. Multiyear ice is ice that has survived at least 1 summer. First year ice is ice that has not yet survived a melting season.

View all PolarTREC Vocabulary Terms